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Cate's Research-Investigation Bureau

CRIB is an independent passion project led by 1 person interested in Russian military equipment. This blog focuses on Russian military vehicle news, historical events and development. Any coinciding information or the author's perspective on reality is purely random.

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Ka-50 on-board electronics

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- November 21, 2020

Ka-50 on-board electronics Hatches are only opened when the maintenance of both electronics and the mechanical systems has to be done. Taken from: ArmyLV

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Comprehensive Soviet/Russian vehicle collection
Russian naming abbreviations
Leopard Family
Soviet/Russian Tank Sight Collection
DVE-BS Wind Sensor
Assortment of 2E42-4 "Jasmin" Information

Comparative analysis of noise characteristics inside of tanks

- December 10, 2023

This is an introduction to noise characteristics of Soviet/Russian armoured fighting vehicles. Vibrations, moving parts, and suspension all contribute to the internal noise level of a vehicle. These factors create oscillations that propagate through other modules increasing noise levels. To measure noise characteristics inside tanks, the driver's position and the turret crew's positions are measured separately. Units of measurement used for this are dB, dBA, octaves and Herz along with 2 different spectrums of sound; Level of sound pressure (LSP) "УЗД (Уровень звукового давления)" and level of sound (LS) "УЗ (Уровень звука)". Unspecified variants of T-64, T-72 and T-80 and a T-80UD were chosen. The charts below show the dB/dBA levels for the different crew positions relative to the speed at which the tanks are moving. Tests were carried out on a concrete track. Lines 1-4 indicate LSP values for T-64/T-72/T-80 and T-80UD, while lines 5-8 indicate LS val...

"AGAVA" - "AGAVA-2" and its confusing history

- December 28, 2020

When covering Soviet sight technology there are always some interesting designs and approaches to solving an issue. It is a common fact that the Soviet Union in the 1980s-1990s was quite behind in thermal sight technology. Only in the 1990s, but to be specific in 1992, the Soviet Union now Russia started to field small batches of thermal sights on their tanks, primarily T-80Us and some of the early T-90 variants, which just recently entered service. Russia's journey through creating its own domestic thermal sight traces back to 1982. The 1980s were quite an important time for the 'Krasnogorsk Factory named after S.A Zverev', which is still to date an Optical Engineering and Optoelectronics factory. The factory is primarily known for making domestic Soviet cameras back in the day. However, that's not the only thing that the factory has produced back then. Close to the mid-1980s, the facility was contracted to develop new thermal sight technology for the Soviet Ministry...

GTD-1000 - GTD-1000TF - GTD-1250 Gas Turbine Engines

- December 05, 2020

The world's first mass-produced tank gas turbine engine GTD-1000T was created at the Klimov Plant in 1968 for the T-80 main battle tank developed By the special tank design Bureau of the Kirov plant (now JSC "Spetsmash"), which was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1976. Since 1980, a modification of the GTD‑1000TF for T-80B/BV tanks was produced, since 1986 a modification of the GTD-1250 for T-80U tanks. GTD-1250 Engines of the GTD-1250 family as part of the power plants of T-80 tanks are in service with the armies of Russia, Belarus, Cyprus, South Korea, Kazakhstan. Turbine engine GTD-1000T/GTD-1250, which have a large volume-weight capacity and a more favourable traction characteristic compared to diesel engines, provide T-80 tanks with interesting characteristics: - higher operational readiness - easy start-up at low temperatures (up to -40°C) - better cross-country ability on soils with a low load-bearing capacity - best noise and heat-masking qualities - increased ...

BMP-3 ERA topic continuation

- July 27, 2021

This post expands on a previously covered topic, being the BMP-3 with ERA . Potentially sealing this topic until later when more information comes to light. ERA package components: ERA containers filled with 4S24 ERA elements, containers are mounted on the front and both sides of the hull. Slat armour mounted on the rear of the vehicle protects the engine compartment. Overall package performance: Protection against AT rocket-propelled grenades (RPG) PG-7V, PG-7VS, PG-7VL, PG-7VM, PG-9S and other types of grenades capable of penetrating up to 600mm RHA within a 180 ° fire arc. In areas covered by ERA containers, the probability of protection is at least 80%. In areas covered by slat armour, the probability of protection is at least 50%. Protection against small arms: Areas covered by ERA containers 12.7mm B-32 rounds at 0m within 180 ° fire arc 14.5mm B-32 rounds at 50 m within 180 ° fire arc Areas covered by slat armour and steel plates 12.7mm B-32 ro...

Soviet Union/Russian thermal sight development history

- August 11, 2021

Related topics: "AGAVA" - "AGAVA-2 "and its confusing history Thermal imagers were classed as; Gen-I, Gen-II and Gen-III. Gen-I sights featured the most basic technology due to them being the first of their type. Gen-II sights commonly improved on Gen-I technology by utilizing similar but more refined technical advancements or used completely new methods. Gen-III sights used new advanced technology that is no longer associated with Gen-II and additionally features new materials for photo-elements and ways of processing. Image 1 (For full resolution open the image in a new tab) The table above represents domestic Soviet and early Russian thermal modules/sights. Generations are split into 3 different time periods, Gen-I sights primarily appeared in the 1980s but also made appearances in the 1990s, Gen-II sights appeared in the 1990s and Gen-III sights appeared in the late 1990s and 2000s. Gen-I systems: Utilize linear photo-receiver with 2 types of indicators; b...

A new sight for the modernized T-90

- April 21, 2021

Back in 2018, a new programme was started. This programme's focus is to create domestic equipment for Russian armoured vehicles, specifically optics. This is so that the Russian army can stop depending on the french company "Thales" and their Catherine technology. T-72B3 received new internal components for the Sosna-U sight, phasing out any foreign components. As for the T-90M/T-90MS, something else was done. Previously, the T-90M/T-90MS employed the Sosna-U sight, which featured french components from Thales. However, the internals of the sight was not simply replaced. This time, a completely new domestic sight was created under the name PNM-T. The sight was reportedly made by the PJSC ANPP TEMP-AVIA in 2018 or 2019. The first appearance was in the Telekanal Zvezda show, during the episode about the Proryv-3 (T-90M). In this episode, a new plaque can be seen with the name of the sight. Its first public physical appearance, however, was at the Army-2019 event. The doo...

Object 490 "Тополь" - "Poplar"

- December 22, 2020

The project of a promising tank developed in the 1980s by E.A. Morozov. Object 490 "Тополь" - "Poplar" mockup The design had some primary characteristics which are worth mentioning. A crew consisting of two people - the gunner commander and the driver. Reducing the crew to two and placing them in a compact, well-protected capsule. The use of a hydropneumatic suspension. In addition to solving the main task - increasing average speeds by improving the smoothness characteristic, it makes it possible to control the tank's clearance, which increases the manoeuvrability and survivability in battle. In addition, the controlled hydropneumatic suspension by changing the trim of the machine allows you to increase the gun pointing angles in the vertical plane. Reducing the crew to two people and placing them in a compact, well-protected capsule with the ...

Progression of thermal imaging sight housings on Soviet AFVs

- July 15, 2022

Throughout the development cycle of thermal imaging sights during the Soviet Union and subsequently Russia, engineers designed several variations of covers to protect newly developed tech. Ranging from simple covers to semi/fully-mechanised systems. The "AGAVA" series of thermal imaging sights was one of the earlier systems to be mounted on Soviet tanks dating back to the 1980s. The first sight iteration mounted on a T-80B utilized a simple protective housing with a hinge-mounted frontal cover. The front cover would be opened using a pull-string mechanism. AGAVA on T-80B AGAVA on T-80B "AGAVA-2" made an appearance on T-80U, UM and UK tanks in the early-mid 1990s. The newer iteration still retained the same hinged door mechanism with a pull-string while also receiving a new roof cover which served as additional protection against variable weather conditions. AGAVA-2 on T-80U - Swedish trials 1994 The overall complexity and ease of operation for this sight underwen...

Soviet (Hard-kill) APS development

- March 20, 2021

The development of an Active Protection System in the Soviet Union dates back to the 2nd half of the 1950s. The creation of the first operational prototype which included the usage of an active method of protection was started in 1958 within the "Дикобраз" - "Porcupine" APS framework. The basic principle of operation of this APS consisted of covering the probable direction of attack against ATGM. This was achieved by separating the system into different sectors and each sector was protected by a launcher that fired a counter-projectile at an incoming threat. The development of the next APS prototype, which showed the fundamental possibility of detecting an incoming chemical projectile and countering it at a distance of 1000-1500 meters relative to the tank equipping such APS, was started in the 1960s. The APS was called "Веер" - "Fan", development was carried out by NIIStali together with NIIETI. The system was made out of 15-20 protective ...

New Omsktransmash T-80BVM modernization batch

- February 09, 2023

Omsktransmash has released footage showcasing the production of T-80BVM tanks. A T-80BVM was shown in its full combat loadout. Several interesting integrations can be identified. This T-80BVM is equipped with up-armoured mudguards, which are present on T-90M tanks and new T-72B3M batches. Previously, T-72B3 tanks have received additional ERA containers mounted on the side of the hull, this feature has been carried over onto T-80BVM tanks. This T-80BVM also mounts the same protective netting which is present on T-90M MBTs. In the same video, a very interesting observation can be made. Standard T-80BV turrets are retaining the old 1G42 housing while featuring a Sosna-U cover. This is very odd, considering that during the production of T-80BVMs the old housing is removed and welded shut and replaced with an auxiliary TV-based sight located next to Sosna-U. The old DVE-BS cross-wind sensor mast has been replaced with a new welded housing. The original placement ...