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"AGAVA" - "AGAVA-2" and its confusing history

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When covering Soviet sight technology there are always some interesting designs and approaches to solving an issue. It is a common fact that the Soviet Union in the 1980s-1990s was quite behind in thermal sight technology. Only in the 1990s, but to be specific in 1992, the Soviet Union now Russia started to field small batches of thermal sights on their tanks, primarily T-80Us and some of the early T-90 variants, which just recently entered service. Russia's journey through creating its own domestic thermal sight traces back to 1982.  The 1980s were quite an important time for the 'Krasnogorsk Factory named after S.A Zverev', which is still to date an Optical Engineering and Optoelectronics factory. The factory is primarily known for making domestic Soviet cameras back in the day. However, that's not the only thing that the factory has produced back then.  Close to the mid-1980s, the facility was contracted to develop new thermal sight technology for the Soviet Ministry...
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T-80 rubber flaps - Part 3

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Over half a year ago, I promised to write an article about T-80 rubber flaps and their purpose, which would have completed the trifecta article collection: T-80 aerodynamic features and  T-80 MBT engine air filtration and dust prevention systems . This article builds up on the T-80 aerodynamic features topic and will conclude this series.  Unfortunately, I have come across zero primary sources, that directly mention the purpose of these rubber flaps, which makes it difficult to write an article with primary sources. There are 2 disputed arguments on this topic; one argument states that the flaps on the T-80s are meant to redirect airflow and reduce air contaminants like sand and dust from entering the engine. The other argument is that these flaps are used as additional protection to prematurely detonate HEAT warheads. I will discuss this topic by only talking about the presence of the flaps on T-80s. Firstly the rubber skirt, is present on the lower frontal plate of T-80s. I...
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T-80 aerodynamic features - Part 1

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This article is the first part of a set of articles covering the engineering and methodology used to create the T-80s filtration system alongside aerodynamics to reduce airflow dust/sand contamination.  The T-80 MBT has been fielded in many climate regions. Desert climates pose a variety of variables that directly impact dust presence in the engine air filtration system. Variables include wind speed and direction,  vehicle speed,  depth and soil composition, air intake system design, and contours of the hull and turret.    Historical background:  Long-term trials were conducted in the southern Kara-Kum desert. It was determined that during  1970-1983, the quantity of dust present in the engine filtration system increased due to climate changes and weaker upper soil layers.   During the 1970s to 1980s, the Turkmen Canal underwent Soviet industrialization to build an irrigation canal and other facilities. This build-up of new infras...
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