T-90 MBT (Sertolovo) early 2000s, geolocation

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Object 490 "Тополь" - "Poplar"

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      The project of a promising tank developed in the 1980s by E.A. Morozov. Object 490 "Тополь" - "Poplar" mockup                          The design had some primary characteristics which are worth mentioning. A crew consisting of two people - the gunner commander and the driver.  Reducing the crew to two and placing them in a compact, well-protected capsule.  The use of a hydropneumatic suspension.  In addition to solving the main task - increasing average speeds by improving the smoothness characteristic, it makes it possible to control the tank's clearance, which increases the manoeuvrability and survivability in battle.  In addition, the controlled hydropneumatic suspension by changing the trim of the machine allows you to increase the gun pointing angles in the vertical plane. Reducing the crew to two people and placing them in a compact, well-protected capsule with the ...
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The world's first mass-produced tank gas turbine engine GTD-1000T was created at the Klimov Plant in 1968 for the T-80 main battle tank developed By the special tank design Bureau of the Kirov plant (now JSC "Spetsmash"), which was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1976. Since 1980, a modification of the GTD‑1000TF for T-80B/BV tanks was produced, since 1986 a modification of the GTD-1250 for T-80U tanks.  GTD-1250 Engines of the GTD-1250 family as part of the power plants of T-80 tanks are in service with the armies of Russia, Belarus, Cyprus, South Korea, Kazakhstan. Turbine engine GTD-1000T/GTD-1250, which have a large volume-weight  capacity and a more favourable traction characteristic compared to diesel engines, provide T-80 tanks with interesting characteristics: - higher operational readiness - easy start-up at low temperatures (up to -40°C) - better cross-country ability on soils with a low load-bearing capacity - best noise and heat-masking qualities - increased ...
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Any armoured fighting vehicle experiences recoil and shock during movement on rough terrain, firing its main gun or hitting a mine. The most vulnerable of all is the crew which operates the tank. High impulse shock loads can cause a decrease in combat performance or partial crew incapacitation. Such instances carry the risk of head injury. Most dynamic impacts inside an armoured vehicle are transmitted to operators through the seats. While there are protective measures in place, like padded tank helmets and dampening seating (driver only), these may not be enough when MBTs are equipped with more powerful cannons, which exceed the expected recoil absorption provided by the chassis they are mounted on.  Historically, test facilities were geared toward validating individual components for resistance to external factors like high-impact pulse loads. Ergonomic testing for crew protection was performed mainly in field tests, near the end of development.  While computer-aided systems...
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