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Cate's Research-Investigation Bureau

CRIB is an independent passion project led by 1 person interested in Russian military equipment. This blog focuses on Russian military vehicle news, historical events and development. Any coinciding information or the author's perspective on reality is purely random.

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Showing posts from November, 2024

Kurganmash BMP-2 bought by Austria for IFV evaluation

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- November 08, 2024

SK-105A2 Kürassier KFOR

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- November 07, 2024

I am not very good at taking pictures.

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CRIB: CRIB is an independent passion project led by 1 person interested in Russian military equipment. This blog focuses on Russian military vehicle news, historical events and development. Any coinciding information or the author's perspective on reality is purely random.

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Popular posts from this blog

T-80 rubber flaps - Part 3

- January 27, 2024

Over half a year ago, I promised to write an article about T-80 rubber flaps and their purpose, which would have completed the trifecta article collection: T-80 aerodynamic features and T-80 MBT engine air filtration and dust prevention systems . This article builds up on the T-80 aerodynamic features topic and will conclude this series. Unfortunately, I have come across zero primary sources, that directly mention the purpose of these rubber flaps, which makes it difficult to write an article with primary sources. There are 2 disputed arguments on this topic; one argument states that the flaps on the T-80s are meant to redirect airflow and reduce air contaminants like sand and dust from entering the engine. The other argument is that these flaps are used as additional protection to prematurely detonate HEAT warheads. I will discuss this topic by only talking about the presence of the flaps on T-80s. Firstly the rubber skirt, present on the lower frontal plate of T-80s. Its ...

"AGAVA" - "AGAVA-2" and its confusing history

- December 28, 2020

When covering Soviet sight technology there are always some interesting designs and approaches to solving an issue. It is a common fact that the Soviet Union in the 1980s-1990s was quite behind in thermal sight technology. Only in the 1990s, but to be specific in 1992, the Soviet Union now Russia started to field small batches of thermal sights on their tanks, primarily T-80Us and some of the early T-90 variants, which just recently entered service. Russia's journey through creating its own domestic thermal sight traces back to 1982. The 1980s were quite an important time for the 'Krasnogorsk Factory named after S.A Zverev', which is still to date an Optical Engineering and Optoelectronics factory. The factory is primarily known for making domestic Soviet cameras back in the day. However, that's not the only thing that the factory has produced back then. Close to the mid-1980s, the facility was contracted to develop new thermal sight technology for the Soviet Ministry...

GTD-1000 - GTD-1000TF - GTD-1250 Gas Turbine Engines

- December 05, 2020

The world's first mass-produced tank gas turbine engine GTD-1000T was created at the Klimov Plant in 1968 for the T-80 main battle tank developed By the special tank design Bureau of the Kirov plant (now JSC "Spetsmash"), which was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1976. Since 1980, a modification of the GTD‑1000TF for T-80B/BV tanks was produced, since 1986 a modification of the GTD-1250 for T-80U tanks. GTD-1250 Engines of the GTD-1250 family as part of the power plants of T-80 tanks are in service with the armies of Russia, Belarus, Cyprus, South Korea, Kazakhstan. Turbine engine GTD-1000T/GTD-1250, which have a large volume-weight capacity and a more favourable traction characteristic compared to diesel engines, provide T-80 tanks with interesting characteristics: - higher operational readiness - easy start-up at low temperatures (up to -40°C) - better cross-country ability on soils with a low load-bearing capacity - best noise and heat-masking qualities - increased ...

T-90A - a short history of sights

- November 16, 2020

In 2004, the T-90A (Object 188A1) tank joined the Russian armed forces. It included many fire control system upgrades, a new welded turret, and improved mobility. The T-90A Obr. 2004 tank was fitted with a T01-K05 Buran-M Obr. 2004 3rd generation night vision sight, which improved over the previous T01-K01 Buran-PA sight from the T-90 Obr. 1992. --Picture of T-90A with Buran-M Obr. 2004-- In 2005, the tank received an upgrade for the sight, which became T01-K05 Buran-M Obr. 2005, with noticeable differences in the sight's housing. --Picture of T-90A with Buran-M Obr. 2005-- --Picture of T-90A diagram with Buran-M Obr. 2005-- --Picture of two T-90As, one with Obr. 2004 and one with Obr. 2005 Buran-M sights-- Above: T-90A with Buran-M Obr. 2004 sight, and behind it, T-90A with Buran-M Obr. 2005 sight. In 2006, the T-90A had to be brought to more modern standards, so the production of this model with new second-generation thermal imaging sight began. The sight was named ESSA, wh...

BMP-3 with "Karkas-1"/"Karkas-2" ERA packages

- November 09, 2020

Shown at an exhibition in Omsk in 2001. ERA blocks are located on the side and frontal parts of the hull and turret together with rubber fabric and lattice screens. Additional protection significantly increases the survivability of the BMP-3. Advertising information of those years stated that the BMP-3 with the "Karkas-1"/"Karkas-2" was capable of withstanding the impact of HEAT grenades (RPG) with armour penetration up to 550 mm. Also, reactive armour blocks increase the armour's resistance to damage from bullets of 14.5 mm calibre. Only known image of a BMP-3M swimming with the additional armour package. Further topic on BMP-3 ERA package

A new sight for the modernized T-90

- April 21, 2021

Back in 2018, a new programme was started. This programme's focus is to create domestic equipment for Russian armoured vehicles, specifically optics. This is so that the Russian army can stop depending on the french company "Thales" and their Catherine technology. T-72B3 received new internal components for the Sosna-U sight, phasing out any foreign components. As for the T-90M/T-90MS, something else was done. Previously, the T-90M/T-90MS employed the Sosna-U sight, which featured french components from Thales. However, the internals of the sight was not simply replaced. This time, a completely new domestic sight was created under the name PNM-T. The sight was reportedly made by the PJSC ANPP TEMP-AVIA in 2018 or 2019. The first appearance was in the Telekanal Zvezda show, during the episode about the Proryv-3 (T-90M). In this episode, a new plaque can be seen with the name of the sight. Its first public physical appearance, however, was at the Army-2019 event. The doo...

2E58 tank stabilizer

The majority of the remaining Soviet MBTs in the Russian Army featured different 2-Plane stabilizers. Ranging from the 2E42-2 "Jasmin" on the T-72B to the 2E42-4 "Jasmin" being mounted on later modernization programs of the T-72B, like the T-72BA and T-72B2 "Rogatka-2". Additionally, the 2E42-4 is also mounted on several T-90 variants ranging from the T-90 Obr.1992 being the baseline variant to the more modern T-90A. While the 2E42-4 was more modern than its predecessor, the 2E42-2, it still did not improve the guidance speeds for both horizontal and vertical axes. These speeds still remained the same; 3.0°/sec vertical elevation speed and 16°/sec-24°/sec horizontal guidance speed. ( 2E42-4 documentation ) By the late 2000s, the 2E42-4 was dated and was no longer able to perform that well in comparison with NATO stabilizers, which would outperform it. This forced Russia to start developing a new stabilizer, instead of using the conventional type of previ...

T-80 aerodynamic features - Part 1

This article is the first part of a set of articles covering the engineering and methodology used to create the T-80s filtration system alongside aerodynamics to reduce airflow dust/sand contamination. The T-80 MBT has been fielded in many climate regions. Desert climates pose a variety of variables that directly impact dust presence in the engine air filtration system. Variables include wind speed and direction, vehicle speed, depth and soil composition, air intake system design, and contours of the hull and turret. Historical background: Long-term trials were conducted in the southern Kara-Kum desert. It was determined that during 1970-1983, the quantity of dust present in the engine filtration system increased due to climate changes and weaker upper soil layers. During the 1970s to 1980s, the Turkmen Canal underwent Soviet industrialization to build an irrigation canal and other facilities. This build-up of new infras...

Object 490 "Тополь" - "Poplar"

- December 22, 2020

The project of a promising tank developed in the 1980s by E.A. Morozov. Object 490 "Тополь" - "Poplar" mockup The design had some primary characteristics which are worth mentioning. A crew consisting of two people - the gunner commander and the driver. Reducing the crew to two and placing them in a compact, well-protected capsule. The use of a hydropneumatic suspension. In addition to solving the main task - increasing average speeds by improving the smoothness characteristic, it makes it possible to control the tank's clearance, which increases the manoeuvrability and survivability in battle. In addition, the controlled hydropneumatic suspension by changing the trim of the machine allows you to increase the gun pointing angles in the vertical plane. Reducing the crew to two people and placing them in a compact, well-protected capsule with the ...

T-80 MBT engine air filtration and dust prevention systems - Part 2

This article does not specifically cover individual filtration units but is a collection of features across several T-80 engine variants. Since 1976, almost all T-80 variants came standard with gas turbine engines. Early T-80 variants utilized the GTD-1000T, the T-80B and its subsequent variants fielded the GTD-1000TF and the later production models of the T-80U used the GTD-1250. With each iteration, the HP (kW) increased to 1000 HP (745kW), 1100HP (820kW) and 1250HP (919kW). The T-80 uses a monoblock-style engine d eveloped in the 1970s by VNIITransmash "Предприятие п.я. А-7701" , which means the engine block is mounted together with the air filtration system and other vital components. The air filtration unit is made of several parts assembled into a monoblock. The air filtration unit consists of 2 cyclone batteries, 2 oil cooling radiators and 2 cooling ventilators. The 2 batteries contain cyclone filters. There are 14 cyclone filters arranged in a 2x7 pattern on each b...